The Supreme Court of India has ordered the Centre to conduct a census of backward classes. Background: The census of backward classes was last conducted in 1931, and there has been no comprehensive data on the population of backward classes since then. Parties: The petitioners, who were activists, argued that the Centre should conduct a census of backward classes to ensure that they receive adequate representation and benefits. The Centre, on the other hand, argued that conducting a census of backward classes was not feasible. Legal issues: The main issue before the court was whether the Centre was required to conduct a census of backward classes. Court observations: The Supreme Court observed that the Centre was required to conduct a census of backward classes. The court held that the census was necessary to ensure that backward classes receive adequate representation and benefits. Significance: The judgment is significant as it orders the Centre to conduct a census of backward classes. The judgment is also important as it recognizes the need to protect the rights of backward classes, who are among the most marginalized sections of society. The judgment will help to promote the welfare of backward classes and will provide them with the support and assistance they need to overcome the challenges they face.