Background: The Orissa High Court has directed the state government to take steps to prevent elephant deaths on railway tracks. Parties: The petitioners were environmental activists and the respondents were the state government and the railways. Legal issues: The main issue was whether the government and the railways had taken sufficient steps to prevent elephant deaths on railway tracks. Court observations: The court observed that the government and the railways had not taken effective steps to prevent elephant deaths and directed them to take immediate action. The court also directed the government to file a report on the steps taken. Significance: The order is significant as it highlights the need for the government and the railways to take effective steps to prevent elephant deaths on railway tracks. The court's direction will have a bearing on the conservation of elephants and the protection of wildlife. The case highlights the importance of taking proactive measures to prevent wildlife deaths and the need for a coordinated approach to address the issue. The court's observation that the government and the railways had not taken effective steps will provide a wake-up call to take immediate action. The case may also have implications for other states, which may face similar challenges in preventing wildlife deaths on railway tracks.